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K E Y 




ADAPTED TO THE QUESTIONS 


1 
1 


FOR 




I SHAW'S HISTORY 


1 

- ; 


OF 


1 

i 



SOUTH AMERICA, 



NEW-YORK 



PUDUSHED BY COLLINS AND HANNAY, 

And. Sold hi/ 

F. BeaumoiiJ,iNa{ciiez, Mis«. ; W. W. Worsiey, LnuisvilJr, Ky.; 
VVm, T. VVilliarns. SfiVKriM;.!), 'i^o. ; RlclJiird- & Gaiinlil. Au- 
g??su, Ceci. ; J, J. M'CarlPr, CllHrIe^{.lrl, S, C. : I). Lii dn- 
man, Kideiii!!, N. C; C. Botisal, ^•..|•1(.lk, Va. ; J. C. -wan, 
Pt;t<.Tslwif§h. Va. ; Wm. Williams, Uiica, is. ¥,; O. Meele, 
Albany. N. Y. i K. Feck <& Co., Rochester, N. Y. : Bems A- 
Ward, CMnantiaigiia, ^i.Y.; Day, Follt-tt & Haskiri?, Biiffa> 
In; iS. Wells, Uetro'.t ; J.B.Baldwin, Bri.dgep»)it, Conn.; 
D<!rrie &, Peck, New Havwn, Cf)nu. ; H. Howe, New Haven, 
Coun. ; D. F. R«*i>»ns<)ri k. Co.; iHnrifoid, C«nn,; Wm. 
Bolles, New London; A. S. Beckwith, Piovidence, R. I. ; 
Brewer &i W:Ic<>x. Providence, R. L; Abr. Shearman, Jim. 
& Co., New Bedioi^, Mass,; S. Butler &j Son, Norliianipton, 




JV, E^ Dean, Printer 



1831. 



Digitized by the Internet Arciiive 
in 2010 witii funding from 
Tine Library of Congress 



Iittp://www.arcliive.org/details/keyadaptedtoques02grim 



• v< 






KEY 



ADAPTED TO THE QUESTIONS 



FOB 



GRIMSHAW'S HISTORY 



OF 



SOUTH AMERICA. 



STEREOTYPED BY L. JOHNSON. 



NEW YORK: 

COUJLNS & HANNAY» No. 230 PEARL STREET, AND 
COLLINS & CO. No. 117 MATOEN LANE. 

1831. 



r; 



Hnteicelr according to the ^ct of ©ongrcss in the year 1831, 
by William Grimshaw, in the Clerk's Office of the District Comt 
of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



KEY. 



ijCTTAfi figures in the first column denote the number of the Answer^ 
corresponding with the Question ; those in the second^ refer to the 
page of the History, from which the answer is framed. 



CHAPTER I. 

A. P. 

i. 9. The polarity of the magnet 

2. 10. It cannot be satisfactorily ascertained. 

3. 10. Gioia, a Neapolitan. 

4. 10. In the year 1302. 

5. 10. About 1180. 

6. 11. Christopher Columbus. 

7. 11. At Genoa. 

8. 11, A. D. 1435. 
1). 11. Two. 

10. 11. Bartholomew and Diego. 

11. 11. Fourteen. 

12. 12. To discover a passage to the East Indies. 

13. 12^ By steering towards the south, and turning 

to the east when they had reached the 
southern extremity of Africa. 

14. 12. By sailing directly towards the west, across 

the Atlantic Ocean. 

15. 12. Its spherical figure was known ; and its mag- 

nitude, with some degree of accuracy, as- 
certained. 
J 6. 12, That it might be circumnavigated. 

3 



4 
A. p. 

17. 13. Genoa. 



18. 13. The King of Portugal 

19. 14. Ferdinand and Isabella, sovereigns of Spain. 

20. 14. On the seventeenth of April, 1492. 






CHAPTER II. 



21. 15. The port of Palos, a small maritime town in 

the province of Andalusia. 

22. 15. Three brothers,, named Pinzon. 

23. 15. Three. 

24. 15. Two of them were light barques, called car- 

avels, not superior to river and coasting 
craft of the present day; and only one 
of the three vessels was decked. 

25. 15. Columbus, as admiral. 

26. 15. Martin Alonzo Pinzon; his brother Francis 

being pilot. 

27. 16. Vincent Yanez Pinzon. 

28. 16. On Friday, the third day of August, 1492, a 

little before sun-rise. 

29. 16. The Canaries. 
SO. 16. About six. 

31. 16. Gomera. 

32. 16. On the sixth of September. 

33. 16. Due west. 

34. 20. On Friday, the twelfth of October, 1492. 

35. 20. An island. 

36. 22. San Salvador. 

37. 22. Guanahani. 



5 

A. P. 

38. 22. Cat Island. 
;^9. 22. The Bahama Isles. 

40. 22. More than three-thousand miles west. 

41. 21. Thirty-six. 

42. 21. Seventy. 

43. 21. Columbus. 

44. 23. They were very simple ; being in the form 

of a pavilion or high circular tent, con- 
structed of branches of trees, covered with 
reeds and palm leaves. 

45. 23. For beds, they had nets of cotton, extended 

between two posts, which they called 
hamacs. 

46. 24. Cuba. 

47. 24. There seemed to be no four-footed animals, 

except a species of dogs, which could not 
bark, and a creature resembling a rabbit, 
but of a much smaller size. 

48. 24. Ornaments of gold. 

49. 25. The potato. 

50. 25. Tobacco. 

51. 20. Martin Alonzo Pinzonc 
32. 26. Hayti. 

53. 26. Hispaniola. 

54. 26. Hayti and St. Domingo. 

55. 26. A prince or cazique of the country. 

56. 28. Guacanahani. 

57. 28. His vessel was dashed against a rock, and 

sunk. 

58. 2Q. No : the timely assistance of boats from the 

Nigna, enabled the crew to save their 
lives. 

a2 



A. P. 

69. 29. As soon as they heard of the disaster, they 
crowded to the shore, headed by their 
prince, Guacanahani, and, instead of taking 
advantage of the distress in which they 
beheld the Spaniards, they lamented their 
misfortune with tears, and assisted them 
in saving their property from the wreck. 

60. 30. Only one, the smallest of his squadron. 

61. 30. To leave a part of his men in the island, 

that, by residing there, they might learn 
the language of the natives, examine the 
nature of the country, search for mines, 
^nd prepare for the commodious reception 
of the colony, with which he proposed to 
return. 

62. 30/ He offered him the aid of the Spaniards, to 

repel his enemies: he engaged to take 
him and his people under the protection 
■of the powerful monarch whom he served ; 
and offered to leave in the island as great 
a number of his men, as would be sufficient, 
not only to defend the inhabitants against 
future incursions, but to avenge their past 
wrongs* 

C3. 31. Yes. 

64: 31. La Navidad, or the Nativity. 

C)D. 31. Because he had landed there on Christma:! 
day. 

m. 31. Thirty-eight. 

67. 31. Diego de Arado. 

08. 3L To avoid giving ofl^^nce to the natives, by 
an v violence or exaction ; to cultivate the 



friendship of Guacanahani, but not to put 
themselves in his power, by straggUng in 
small parties, and marching too far from 
the fort. 

"69. 81, He promised soon to revisit them, with a rein- 
forcement of so much strength, as would 
. enable them to take full possession of that 
country, 

70« 3L On the fourth of January, 1493, 

71. 31. The Pinta. 

72. 31. They were very different from the gentle 

and pacific people hitherto met by them 
on this island. The natives here were of 
a ferocious aspect, and of a turbulent and 
warlike deportment. 

73. 31. With bows and arrows, clubs, and formidable 

swords, 

74. 32. Their bows were as long as those formerly 

used in England ; their arrows were of 
slender reeds, pointed with hard wood, and 
sometimes tipped with bone, or with the 
tooth of a fish. 

.75. 32, They were of palm-wood, nearly as hard and 
as heavy as iron; and capable, with one 
blow, of cleaving througii a helmet, to the 
very brains. 

76. 33. He wrote on parchment a short account of 
his voyage, and of the colony left by him 
at Navidad. Having wrapped this in an 
oil cloth, which he enclosed in a cake of 
wax, be put it into a cask, carefully stop- 
ped, and threw it into the sea. 



8 
A P. 

77. 33. St. Mary's, one of the Azores, or Western Isles- 

78. 83. Portugal. 

79. 33. A^o : not until after a violent contest with the 

governor. 

80. 31. The coast of Spain. 

81. 34. In the river Tagus. 

82. 3i. With merited distinction. The King invited 

him to court, then held at Valparaiso, 
treated him with the highest respect, and 
listened to the account of the voyage with 
admiration, mingled wdth regret. 

83. 34. Only five days. 

84. 34, Palos. . 

85. 34. The fifteenth of March. 

86. 34. Seven months and eleven days, 
67. 35. At Barcelona. 

88. 35. They invited him, in terms the most respect- 

ful and flattering, to repair immediately to 
court, that, from his own mouth, they 
might receive a full narrative of his extra- 
ordinary achievement. 

89. 36. It resembled a Roman triumph. 

90. 35. The natives of the countries which he had 

discovered. 

%\. 35. The ornaments of gold, fashioned by the rude 
art of the natives ; the grains of gold found 
in the mountains, and dust of the same 
metal, gathered in the rivers. 

92. 35. The various commodities of the new4y dis- 
covered countries, together with their cu- 
rious productions. 

;9a -35, Columbus himself 



9 

A. P. 

94. 35. Clad in their royal robes, and seated on a 

magnificent throne. 

95. 36. It was ennobled. 

96. 36. It spread over Europe, and excited general 

attention. 

97. 36. That they were a part of those vast regions 

in Asia, comprehended under the general 
term of India. 

98. 36. Yes. 

99. 36. India. 

100. 36. Yes: the appellation of West Indies is given, 

by all the people of Europe, to the 
islands ; and the name of Indians to the 
aboriginal inhabitants of every portion 
of the western continent and islands. 

CHAPTER III. 

101. 37. An extraordinary spirit of enterprise. 

102. 37. Seventeen. 

103. 37. Fifteen-hundred. 

104 37. Every thing required, either for conquest or 
colonization. 

105. 38. Father Boyl. 

106. 38, The office of apostolical vicar of the new 

world. 

107. 38. The conversion of the natives to Christianity. 

108. 38. They were baptized with much ceremony. 

109. 38. The king himself, and th'e chief persons of 

his court. 



10 

A. P. * 

110. 38. Cadiz. 

111. 38. On the twenty-fifth of September, 1493. 

112. 38. Touching again at the island of Gomera, he 

steered farther towards the south, than 
in his former voyage. 

113. 38. He enjoyed more steadily the benefit of the 

regular winds which blow within the 
tropics. 

114. 38. Towards a large cluster of islands, situated 

considerably towards the east of those 
which he had already discovered. 

115. 38. On the second of November. 

116. 38. The Caribbee or Leeward islands. 

117. 38. Deseada, (the (/ewVeo?.) 

118. 38. On account of the impatience of his crew 

to discover some part of the new world. 

119. 38. Islands, which he named Dominica, Mariga- 

lante, Guadaloupe, Santa Maria la An- 
tigua, Santa Cruz, and San Juan de 
Puerto Rico, and several afterwards, 
scattered in his way, as he advanced 
towards the north-west. 

120. 39. Because he discovered it on Sunday. 

121. 39. The name of his vessel. 

122. 39. Because he had promised the monks of our 

lady of Gaudaloupe, in Estramadura, to 
call some newly-discovered place after 
their convent. 

123. 39. That fierce race of people, whom Guacana- 

hani had painted in so frightful colours. 

124. 41, That none of the thirty-eight men, whom 



II 

A- p. 

he had left under the command of Arada, 
appeared. 

125. 41. All the natives, from whom he might have 

received information, had fled. 

126. 41. The fort was entirely demolished, and the 

tattered garments, together with the 
broken arms and utensils scattered 
around, left no doubt respecting the 
unhappy fate of the garrison. 

127. 41. They threw off all regard for Arada, and 

extended their rapacity and insolence 
to every corner of the island. 

128. 41. The caziqueofCiboa. 

129. 41. Some of them were slain in defence of the 

fort; the rest perished, in attempting to 
escape by crossing an arm of the sea. 

130. 41. No : he took arms in their behalf, and, while 

endeavouring to protect them, received 
a wound, by which he was still confined. 
181. 42, Like the Greeks and the Romans, they 
believed in one Supreme Being, who in- 
habited the skies, and was immortal : 
like them, they held the existence of in- 
ferior deities, who performed the office 
of messengers and mediators through 
whom they addressed their worship to 
the great ruler of mankind. 

132. 43. Yes. 

133. 43. Isabella. 

134. 43. Yes. 

135. 43. His patroness, the queen of Castiiev 

136. 43. Cibao. 



13 

A. p. 

137. 44. They conceived them to be rational crea- 

tures, and supposed that the horse and 
the rider formed one animal. 

138. 44. No. 

139. 44. It was either picked up in the beds of the 

rivers, or washed from the mountains by 
heavy rains. 

140. 44. His brother, Don Diego, aided by a council 

of officers. 

141. 44. On the twenty-fourth of April. 

142. 44. One ship, and two small barks. 

143. 45. Five months. 

144. 45. He made no discovery of importance, except 

the island of Jamaica. 

145. 45. He would have been carried round the 

western extremity of Cuba : his illusion 
respecting the geographical position of 
that island, would have been thus dis- 
pelled, and an entirely different course 
have been given to his subsequent dis- 
coveries. 

146. 45, That Cuba was the extremity of the Asiatic 

continent. 

147. 45. On the fourth of September, 

148. 45. His brother Bartholomew. 

149. 46. Thirteen. 

150. 13. To England, to negociate with Henry VIL 

151. 46. In his voyage to England, he was captured 

by pirates ; who, having robbed him of 
every thing he possessed, detainejd him 
for many years in captivity. 

152. 46. In drawing and selling maps. 



13 

A. P. 

153. 46. With merited respect 

154. 46. Yes. 

155. 46, Paris. 

156. 47. The cazique, Caonabo. 

157. 47. In the central and mountainous parts of the 

island. 

158. 47. Ojeda. 

159. 49. One of his brothers. 

160. 49. No: the Indians were repulsed with great 

loss, and their leader was captured. 

161. 50. Yes : he imposed a tribute upon all the in- 

habitants above the age of fourteen. 

162. 50. Each person, who lived in those districts 

which yielded gold, was obliged to pay, 
every quarter of a year, as much gold 
dust as would fill a hawk's bell ; while, 
from those in other parts of the coun- 
try, there were demanded twenty-five 
pounds of cotton. 

163. 50. Yes. 

164. 50. Still more intolerable exactions. 

165. 50. Intrigues which then existed at the court 

of Spain, excited chiefly by Margaretta 
and Father Boyl, who had clandestinely 
returned to Europe, for the purpose of 
undermining his power, and discrediting 
his operations. 

166. 51. Of starving those oppressors whom they 

durst not attempt to expel 

167. 51. They suspended all the operations of agri- 

culture : they sowed no maize ; they 
pulled up the roots of the manioc or cas- 
B 



u 

A. P. 

sada, which had beeii planted ; and, re- 
tiring to the least accessible parts of the 
mountains, left their uncultivated plains 
to their enemies. 

168. 51. Yes : in some degree, it did. The Spaniards 

were reduced to extreme want. 

169. 51. They received seasonable supplies of pro- 

visions from Europe, and found many re- 
sources in their own ingenuity and in- 
dustry. 

170. 52. In the course of a few months, more than 

one third of the inhabitants of the island 
perished, by famine and disease. 

171. 52. Don Bartholomew, his brother. 

172. 52. Adelantado, or lieutenant governor. 

173. 52. Francis Roldan. 

174. 52. On the tenth of March, 1496. 

175. 52. Caonabo. 

176. 52. He steered almost due east from Hispaniola, 

in the parallel of twenty-two, north lati- 
tude. 

177. 52. Keeping to the north, in order to fall in 

with the south-west winds, and avoid those 
which blow, without variation, from the 
east between the tropics. 

178. 53. With so distinguished marks of respect, as 

covered his enemies with shame. 

179. 53. With every thing that could render it a 

permanent establishment. 

180. 53. With such a fleet, as would enable him to 

search for those new countries, of the ex- 
istence of which he seemed confident. 



15 
A. P. 

'81. §3. That there should be transported to His- 
paniola, such malefactors as had been 
convicted of crimes, which, although cap- 
ital, were not, in the highest degree atro- 
cious ; and that, in future, a certain pro- 
portion of the offenders, usually sent to 
the gallies, should be condemned to labour 
in the mines, 

CHAPTER IV. 

182. 54. On the thirtieth of May, 1498. 

183. 54. St. Lucar de Barrameda. 

184. 54. Six. 

185. 54. Yes. 

186. 54. Directly south, from the Canary or Cape de 

Verd islands, until he came under the 
equinoctial line, and then to stretch to 
the west, before the wind favourable for 
such a course, which blows invariably be- 
tween the tropics. 

187. 54. First at the Canary, and then at the Cape 

de Verd islands. 

188. 64. On the nineteenth of July, within five de- 

grees of the equator. 

189. 54. They were becalmed, and at the same time 

the heat became so excessive, that the 
tar melted ; the seams of the ships opened ; 
many of their wine-casks burst ; the liquor 
in others soured ; and their salted provis- 
ions became putrid. 



16 
A, P. 

190. 55. To alter his course to the north-west, m 

order to search some of the Caribhee 
islands, where he might be supplied with 
provisions, and refit. 

191. 55. La Trinidad. 

192. 55. OIF the coast of Guiana, near the mouth of 

the Orinoco. 

193. 55. Although a river of only the third or fourth 

class, in the new world, it far surpasses 
any of the streams in the eastern hemis- 
phere. 

194. 55. To the west. 

195. 55. The coast of those provinces known by the 

names of Paria and Cumana. 

196. 55. They resembled those of Hispaniola, in their 

appearance and manner of life. 

197. 55. Columbus. 

198. 56. Yes: profiting by the discoveries of Colum- 

bus, Sebastian Cabot, a native of Bristol, 
commissioned by Henry VII. of England, 
had reached the coast of Labrador, in 
North America, in June 1497. 

199. 56. The shattered condition of bis ships, the 

scarcity of provisions, his own infirmities, 
together with the impatience of his crew^. 

200. 56. Hispaniola. 

201. 56. Several small islands; amongst which, were 

Margarita and Cubagua. 

202. 56. Their pearl fisheries. 

203. 57. To a more commodious station, on the op> 

posite side of the island. 

204. 57. St. Domingo. 



IT 

A. P. 

205. 57. Francis Roldan, whom Columbus had ap- 

pointed chief-justice of the island. 

206. 57. The vigilance and courage of Don Diego 

G)lumbus. 

207. 58. Lands were allotted to them, in different 

parts of the island ; and the Indians set- 
tled in each district, were appointed to 
cultivate a certain portion of ground, for 
the use of these new masters. 

208. 58. The tribute formerly imposed. 

209. 58. The repartimientos, or distribution of Indians^ 

established by them in all their settle- 
ments. 
^10. 58. It brought upon them innumerable calami- 
ties ; subjected them to the most grievous 
oppression ; and greatly contributed to ex- 
terminate them from the island of His- 
paniola. 

21 1. 58. On the twentieth of JVovember, 1497. 

212. 58. The King of Portugal. 

213. 59. Ojeda. 

214. 59. The admiral's journal of his last voyage;, 

and his charts of the countries which h© 
had discovered. 

215. i5a No. 

216. 59. The Parian. 

217. 59. To Cape de Vela. 

218. 59. Americo Vespucio. 

219. 59. It is uncertain. 

220. 59. An account of his adventures and dis^ 

coveries. 

221. 59. He had the address to frame his narrative, 

b2 



A. F. 

■SO as to make it appear that to him was 
due the glory of having first discovered 
the continent in the new^ world. 

222, 59. The country, of which he was supposed to 
be the discoverer, came gradually to be 
called by his name : the caprice of man- 
kind has perpetuated this error ; and, 
by the universal consent of all nations, 
America is the name given to this new 
quarter of the globe. 

22-3. 59^ Pedro Alonzo Nigno, in conjunction with 
Christopher Guerra^ a wealthy merchant 
of Seville. 

224. 60. Vincent Pinzon. 

Q25. 60. Standing boldly to the south, he was the 
first Spaniard that crossed the equinoc- 
tial line. 

226. 60. The erroneous theory of Columbus, which 

led them to believe that the countries 
which they had discovered, were part of 
the vast continent of India» 

227. 60. Pedro Alvarez Cabral. 

228. 60. On tlie twenty-fifth of April, 1500. 

229. 60. To the East Indies. 

230. 60. The King of Portugal. 

231. 61. He was struggling with every distress, in 

which the envy and malevolence of the 
people under his command, or the ingrati- 
tude of the court, could involve him, 
282. 02. His pertinacity in continuing to make slaves 
of the Indians taken in warfare, in con- 
tradiction of her known wishes. 



1^ 

A. P. 

233. 62. She ordered all the Indians to be restored 

to their country and friends: she com- 
manded that those formerly sent to Spain 
hy the admiral, should be sought for, and 
sent back to Hispaniola. 

234. 63. Francisco de Bovadilla. 

235. 63. If he should find the charge of mrJ-adminis- 

tration proved, he was to supersede him 
in the government. 

236. 63. Because it was the interest of the judge to 

convict the person whom he was sent to try. 

237. 63. He submitted to the will of his sovereigns 

w^ith respectful silence, and repaired in- 
stantly to the court of their violent and 
impartial judge. 
'238. 63. Without admitting him into his presence, 
he ordered Columbus, together with his 
two brothers, instantly to be arrested, to 
be put in irons, and imprisoned in the 
fortress. 

239. 64. To set Columbus at liberty. 

240. 64. They invited him to court, and remitted 

money to enable him to appear there in a 
manner suitable to his rank. 

241. 64. He produced the most satisfactory proofs of 

his own integrity, as well as good inten- 
tion, and evidence no less clear, of the 
malevolence of his enemies. 

242. 64. No. 

243. 64. Don Nicholas de Ovando. 

244. ^6. It was the most respectable iiitherto fitted 

out for the new world. 



20 

A. P. 

245. 66. Thirty-two. 

246. 68. Two-thousand-five-hundred. 

247. 66. A proclamation, declaring the natives to be 

free subjects of Spain, of whom no ser- 
vice was to be exacted contrary to their 
own inclination, and without paying them 
an adequate price for their labour. 

248. 66, To carry to the colonies, negro slaves, born 

amidst christians ; by which are meant, 
slaves born in Seville and other parts of 
Spain, the children and descendants of 
natives brought from the Atlantic coasts 
<of Africa, 



CHAPTER Y. 

249-. 68. To be reinstated in his office of viceroy 
over the countries which he had dis- 
covered. 

%:)Q, 68. The greatness of his discoveries, and the 
prospect of their increasing value, made 
Ferdinand consider the concessions in that 
agreement as extravagant and impolitic. 

•251. QS. To intrust a subject with the exercise of a 
jurisdiction, which might become no less 
formidable than it now appeared exten- 
sive. 

252. -OS. That beyond the continent of America, there 
was a sea which extended to the East In- 
•dies. 



21 

A. p. 

253. 69. To find some strait, or narrow neck of 

land, by which a communication might 
be opened with it and that part of the 
ocean already known. 

254. 69. Near theGulfofDarien. 

255. 69. To undertake a voyage which would ascer» 

tain this important point. 

256. 69. Four small barks. 

257. 69. His brother Bartholomew, and his second 

son Ferdinand, the historian of his actions. 

258. 69. From Cadiz, on the ninth of May. 

259. 70. He discovered all the coast of the continent, 

from Cape Gracios a Dios, to a harbour, 
which, on account of its beauty and se- 
curity, he called Porto Bello. 

260. 70. No. 

261. 72. On the coast of Veragua. 

262. 72. Hispaniola. 

263. 72. Yes. 

264. 72. He was driven back, by a violent tempest, 

from the coast of Cuba, his ships were 
dashed against each other, and were so 
much shattered by the shock, that, with 
the utmost difficulty, they reached Ja- 
'' maica ; where he was constrained to run 

them aground, to prevent them from sink- 
ing- 

265. 73. Mendez, a Spaniard, and Fiesco, a Genoese. 

266. 73. Forty leagues, 

267. 73. No. 

268. 73. Ovando, 

269. 75. No. 



2S 
A. P. 

270. 76. Above a year. 

271. 75. On the twelfth of September. 

27% 75. It was not less unfortunate than the prece- 
ding. 

273. 75. St. Lucas. 

274. 75. The death of his patroness, queen Isabella. 

275. 75, No : instead of acceding to his claims, he 

proposed expedients, in order to elude 
them. 

276. 75. The declining health of Columbus, by which 

he was flattered with the hope of soon 
being relieved from an importunate suitor. 

277. 75. On the twentieth of May, 1506. 
27a 75. At Valladolid 

279. 75. The seventy-first. 

280. 75. In the convent of St. Francisco, at Vallado* 

lid, 

281. 76. To the chapel of St. Ann, in the Carthusian 

monastery at Seville. 
282* 76. They were removed to Hispaniola, and in- 
terred in the cathedral in the city of St 
Domingo. 

283, 76. No. 

284, 76. Havana, in the island of Cuba. 

285, 76. At the termination of a war between France 

and Spain, in 1795 ; when all the Spanish 
possessions in the island of Hispaniola, 
were ceded to the republic of France. 



2S 



CHAPTER VL 

A. P. 

286. 76. A beautiful young female cazique, (the 

widow of Caonabo) named Anacoana. 

287. 77. Of having formed a plan to throw off the 

yoke, and exterminate the Spaniards. 

288. 78. She was hanged, in the presence of the peo- 

ple whom she had so signally befriended, 

289. 78. He was hunted Jike a wild beast, until he 

was taken, and likewise hanged. 

290. 78. Yes. 

291. 78. With wisdom and justice not inferior to the 

rigor with which he treated the Indians. 

292. 78. The sugar-cane. 

293. 78. The Canary. 

294. 79. The Casa de Cantractacion or Board of 

Trade. 

295. 79. American affairs. 

296. 79. The original inhabitants, on whose labour 

the Spaniards in Hispaniola relied for 
their prosperity, wasted so rapidly, as to 
indicate unavoidable destruction to the 
whole race. 

297. 79, At least a million. 

298. 79. Sixty thousand. 

299. 79. To transport the inhabitants of the Lucayo 

islands to Hispaniola. 

300. 79. That they might, with more facility, be 

civilized, and with greater advantage in- 
structed in the christian religion. 



24 

A. P. 

301. 79. Yes, 

302. 79. Above forty- thousand. 

303. 79. Juan Ponce de Leon. 

304. 79. A. D. 1509. 

305. 80. They were soon exterminated. 

306. 80. Juan Diaz de Solis, in conjunction with 

Vincent Yanez Pinzon. 

307. 80. That Cuba was a large island, and not a 

part of the continent, as had always been 
supposed by Columbus. 

308. 80. Don Diego Columbus. 

309. 80. The counsel which managed Indian affairs. 

310. 80. It decided unanimously against the king, 

and sustained Diego's claim to the vice- 
royalty, together with all the other privi- 
leges stipulated in the agreement. 

311. 80. He concluded a marriage with Donna Maria, 

daughter of Don Ferdinand de Toledo, 
grand commander of Leon, and niece of 
the celebrated duke of Alva. 

312. 80. The King. 

313. 80. Don Diego. 

314. 81. A. D. 1509. 

315. 81. The title of viceroy. 

316. 81. No. 

317. 81. The repartimienfos, or distribution of the In- 

dians. 

318. 81. Soon after he arrived at St. Domingo, he 

divided those Indians who were still unap- 
propriated, amongst his relations and at- 
tendants. 

319. 81. Ten. 



^5 

A. P. 

320. 81. No. 

321. 81. Alonzo de Ojeda. 

322. 82. Diego de Nicuessa. 

323. 82. Two ; one extending from Cape de Vela to 

the Gulf of Darien ; the other, from that 
point to Cape Gracias a Dios. 

324. 82. The former to Ojeda ; the latter, to Nicuessa. 

325. 82. Fierce and warlike. 

326. 82. They were dipped in a poison so noxious, 

that every wound was followed by certain 
death. 

327. 82. The greater part of them perished, in less 

than a year, in extreme misery. 

328. 82. The few who survived, settled, as a feeble 

colony, at Santa Maria el Antigua, on the 
Gulf of Darien, under the command of 
Vasco Nunez de Balboa. 

329. 83. Francisco Pizarro, 
830. 83. Hernan Cortes. 

331. 83c Diego Velasquez. 

332. 83. A. D. 1511. 

333. 83. Three-hundred. 

334. 83. More than seven-hundred miles. 

335. 83. Yes. 

336. 83. Not one. 

337. 84. Juan Ponce de Leon. 

338. 84. 1512. 

339. 84. On account of its gay and beautiful appear- 

ance. 

340. 86. Balboa. 

341. 86. The Gulf of St. Michael. 

342. 86. That there was a mighty and opulent king- 

C 



2$ 

A, F. 

dom, at a considerable distance toward"^ 

the south-east, the inhabitants of which 

had tame animals to carry their burthens. 

S43. 86. They drew, on the sand^ the figure of lama& 

or sheep. 

344. 87. The camel. 

345. 87. Francisco Pizarro. 

346. 87. Pedrarias Davilla. 

347. 87. Fifteen vessels, and twelve-hundred soldiers^ 

348. 87. Fifteen-hundred. 

349. 88. Above six-hundred. 

350. 88. The office of adelantado, or lieutenant 

governor of the countries on the south 
sea. 

351. 88. He agreed to give his daughter in marriage 

to Balboa. 

352. 88. He was arrested by Pedrarias, accused of 

disloyalty to the king, and an intention 
to revolt against the governor, sentenced 
to die, and executed, 

353. 88. To remove the colony from its unwholesome 

station of Santa Maria, to Panama. 

CHAPTER Vn. 

354. 89. Juan Diaz de Solis. 

355. 89. A river, which he called Janeiro. 

356. 89. On the first day of January, 1516. 

357. 89. The mouth of a vast river, named by him 

Rio de Plata. 



A. P. 

358. 89. He was slain by the natives, 

S69. 89. Hispaniola. 

360. 89. Fourteen-thousand. 

361. 90. Bartholomew de las Casas. 

362. 90. Seville, 

^63. 90. He was a clergyman. 

364. 90. He relinquished all the Indians who had 
fallen to his own share in the division of 
the inhabitants amongst the conquerors. 

^365. 90. To purchase a sufficient number of negroes 
from the Portuguese settlements on the 
coast of Africa, and to transport them to 
America, that they might be employed, 
as slaves, in working the mines, and culti- 
vating the ground. 

^66. 90. In 1503. 

367. 90. In 151 L 

^68. 91. Yes. 

369. 93. In 1551. 

370. 93. At Madrid, in 1566. 

CHAPTER VHL 

371. 95. Juan de Grijalva. 

372. 95. St. Jago de Cuba. 

373. 95. On the eighth of April, 1518. 

374. 95. Velasquez. 
^75. 95. New Spain. 

376. 95. On the banks of a river, which the natives 
called TobascQ. 



2S 

A. P. 

377. 95. At a place, to the west of that river, in the 

province since known by the name of 
Guasaca. 

378. 96. That they were subjects of a great monarch, 

called Montezuma, whose dominion ex- 
tended over that and many other provin- 
ces. 

379. 96. On the twenty-sixth of October. 

380. 96. About six months. 

381. 96. It was the longest, as well as the most suc- 

cessful voyage, hitherto made by the 
Spaniards in the new world. 

382. 96. He despatched a messenger to Spain, to ex- 

hibit the rich productions of the countries 
which had been discovered by his means, 
and to solicit so great an increase of au- 
thority, as might enable and encourage 
him to attempt their conquest. 

383. 96. Yes. 

884. 97. Fernando Cortes. 

385. 97. At Medillin, a small town of Estramadura, 

in Spain. 

386. 98. St. Jago de Cuba. 

387. 98. In November, 1518. 

388. 99. Eleven. 

389. 99. Six-hundred-and-seventeen. 

390. 99. Thirteen were armed with muskets ; thirty- 

two were cross-bow men; the rest had 
swords and spears. 

391. 99. They were more extensive than all the 

kingdoms subject to tjiq Spanish crown. 



29 

A. P. 

392. 100. Cozumel. 

393. 104. To the river of Tobasco. 

394. 104. No. 

395. 104. No: they were routed, with great slaugh- 

ter, in several successive actions. 

396. 106. St. Juan de Ulua. 

397. 107. Marina. 

398. 107. Teutile and Pilpatoe; two officers intrusted 

with the government of the province, by 
a great monarch, called Montezuma. 

^99. 108. To be admitted to a personal audience of 
their sovereign. 

•400. 108. In delineating, upon white cotton cloths, 
figures of the ships, the horses, the ar- 
tillery, the soldiers, and whatever else 
attracted their eyes, as singular. 

401. 109. Montezuma. 

402. 109, They had couriers posted at proper sta- 

tions, along the principal roads, who con- 
veyed intelligence with surprising ra- 
pidity. 

403. 109. Above one-hundred-and-eighty miles. 

404. 109. Seven. 

405. 110. That he would not give his consent that 

foreign troops should approach nearer 
to his capital, or even allow them to 
continue longer in his dominions. 

406. 110. That he Vv:ouId not move from his present 

camp, until the return of a messenger^ 
whom lihey sent to Montezuma for fur- 
ther instructions. 
40.7. 110, It was, at this period, at a pitch of grasv 



30 
A. P. 

deur, which no other society had ever 
attained in so short a period. 

408. 110. Only one-hundred-and-thirty years. 

409. 110. From the Atlantic, to the Pacific ocean; 

over territories, stretching, with some 
small interruptions, above five hundred, 
leagues from east to west, and more than 
two hundred from north to south. 

410. 111. Of all the princes who had swayed the 

Mexican sceptre, he was the most haugh- 
ty, the most violent, and the most im- 
patient of control. 

411. 112. Fourteen years. 

412. 112. Yes: many. 

413. 112. The people of Mechoacan, Tlascala, and 

Tepeaca. 

414. 112. Symptoms of timidity and embarrassment. 

415. 112. There was an opinion, almost universal 

amongst the Indian nations, that some 
dreadful calamity was impending over 
their heads, from a race of formidable 
invaders, who should come from regions 
towards the rising sun, to overrun and 
desolate their country. 

416. 116. That Cortes should depart instantly out 

of his dominions. 

417. 118." Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz" — " The rich 

town of the True Cross." 

418. 1 20. A commission, which vested in him supreme 

jurisdiction, civil as well as military, 
over the colony. 

419. 122. The caziques of Zempoala and Quiabislan. 



31 

A. P. 

420. 122. To insult the Mexican power. 

421. 122. By acknowledging themselves to be vassals 

of the same monarch^ 

422. 123. The Totonaques. 

423. 123. To accompany Cortes, with all their forces, 

in his march to Mexico. 

424. 123. Above three months. 

425. 124. The ships were drawn ashore, and, after 

stripping them of their sails, rigging, iron 
works, and whatever else might be of 
use, they were broken to pieces. 

426. 124. " Thus, from an effort of m.agnanimity, to 

which there is nothing parallel in history, 
five-hundred men voluntarily consented 
to be shut up in a hostile country, filled 
with powerful and unknown nations ; 
and, having precluded every means of 
escape, left themselves without any re- 
source, but their own valour and perse- 
verance." 

427. 125. On the sixteenth of August. 

428. 125. Five-hundred men, fifteen horse, and six 

field-pieces. 

429. 125. He left them, as a garrison, at Vera Cruz,^ 

under Escalante. 
The Tlascalans. 
The imprudent zeal of Cortes, in violating 

the temples in Zempoala. 
Fourteen. 
Their priests. 
" That these strangers were the offspring 



430. 


128. 


431. 


128. 


432. 


128. 


433. 


129. 


434. 


129. 



33 
A. P. 

of the sun, procreated by his animating 
energy, in the regions of the east ; that, 
by day, while cherished by the influence 
of his parental beams, they were invin- 
<:ible ; but by night, when his reviving 
lieat was withdrawn, their vigour de- 
clined, and faded like the herbs in the 
field, and they dwindled down into mor- 
tal men." 

435. 1 30. No : they were dispersed with great slaugh- 

ter. 

436. 130. Peace. 

437. 130. The Tlascalans yielded themselves as vas- 

sals to the crown of Castile, and engaged 
to assist Cortes in all his operations. He 
took Ihe repubUc under his protection, 
and promised to defend their persons 
and possessions from injury or violence. 

438. 131. Twenty days. 

439. 132. To accompany him in his march to Mexico, 

with ail the forces of the republic, under 
the command of their most experienced 
captains. 

440. 133. Six-thousand. 

441. 185. The eighth of November. 

442. 136. Montezuma. 

443. 136. About forty years. 

444. 137. Teules, or divinities. 

445. 137. To the quarters which he had prepared 

for him. 

446. 137. " You are now," says he, " with your 



33 
A. p. 

brothers, in your own house: refresh 
yourselves, after your fatigue, and be 
happy until I return." 

447. 142. It was built on the banks of a large lake, 

and on some small islands adjoining it. 

448. 142. By artificial causeways or streets, formed 

of stones or earth, about thirty feet in 
breadth. 

449. 142. That of Tacuba, on the west, extended a 

mile and a half; that of Tepeaca, on the 
north-west, three miles ; that of Cuoya- 
can, towards the south, six miles. 

450. 142. Canoes. 

451. 143. They were of so large dimensions, that, in 

comparison with any other buildings 
hitherto discovered in America, they 
might be termed magnificent, 

452. 143. They assured him, that the Mexican priests 

had, in the name of the gods, counseled 
their sovereign to admit the Spaniards 
into their capital, that he might cut 
them off there, with perfect security, at 
one blow. 

453. 244. That Escalante had engaged in battle^ 

Q,ualpopoca, one of the Mexican gener- 
als on the frontiers, and, though the 
enemy were defeated, yet that Escalante 
and seven of his men had been mortally 
wounded, and one Spaniard had been 
surrounded by the enemy, and taken 
alive ; that his head, after being carried 
in triumph to different cities, in order to 



34 

A. P. 

convince the people that their invaders 
were not immortal, had been sent to 
Mexico, 

454. 144. To seize Montezuma in his palace, and 

to carry him, as a prisoner, to the Spanish 
quarters. 

455. 146. Yes. 

456. 146. He was attended by his own domestics, 

and served with his usual state. 

457. 147. Either because he was ashamed to own it, 

or that he feared the loss of his life, if 
they made the least disturbance. 

458. 149. To have such a command of the lake, as 

might insure a retreat, if the Mexicans 
should take up arms against him, and 
break down the bridges or causeways. 
459* 149, By the building of two brigantines. 

460. 150. He urged Montezuma to acknowledge him* 

self a vassal of the king of Castile, to 
hold his crown of him as superior, and 
to subject his dominions to the payment 
of an annual tribute. 

461. 150. Yes. 

462. 151. He would not renounce his false gods, and 

embrace the christian faith. 

463. 151. He led out his soldiers, to throw down the 

idols in the great temple. 

464. 151. Yes. 

465. 15L How they might expel or destroy the 

Spaniards. 

466. 152. That he and his followers should instantly 

depart out of the empire* 



35 

A p. 

467. 152. That some ships had appeared on the coast- 

468. 153. Sandoval. 

469. 153. That the araiament was fitted out by Ve- 

lasquez, governor of Cuba, and, instead 
of bringing the expected aid, threatened 
Cortes and his followers with immediate 
destruction. 

470. 153. Eighty horsemen, and eight-hundred foot- 

soldiers. 

471. 154. Pamphilo de Narvaez. 

472. 154. To seize Cortes and his principal officers? 

to send them prisoners to him, and thea 
to complete the discovery and conquest 
of the country, in his name. 

473. 154. Near St. Juan de Ulua. 

474. 155. Montezuma. 

475. 155. To make one bold effort for victory, under 

every disadvantage, rather than sacrifice 
his own conquests and the Spanish inter- 
est in Mexico. 

476. 156. One-hundred-and-fifty. 

477. 156. Under the command of Pedro de Alvarado. 

478. 156. It did not exceed two-hundred-and-fifty 

men. 

479. 157. Zempoala. 

480. 158. Cortes. 

481. ^ 158, Not like enemies, but as countrymen and 

friends. 

482. 158. Either to send them back directly to Cuba, 

or to take them into his service, as part- 
ners in his fortune, on equal terms with 
his own soldiers. 



36 

A p. 

483. 158. The latter. 

484. 159. A thousand. 

485. 159. That the Mexicans had taken arms, and; 

having seized and destroyed the two 
brigantines which Cortes had built, and 
attacked the Spaniards in their quar- 
ters, had killed several of them, and 
wounded more ; and that Alvarado and 
his men were likely soon either to be 
cut off by famine, or to sink under the 
multitude of their enemies. 

486. 160. He set out instantly with all his forces, 

and returned from Zempoala, with not 
less rapidity than he had advanced. 

487. 160. Two-thousand chosen warriors. 

488. 160. Yes: the Mexicans again suffered him to 

march into the city without molestation, 
and take quiet possession of his ancient 
station. 

489. 160. No : he not only neglected to visit Monte- 

zuma, but he imbittered the insult by 
expressions full of contempt for that un- 
fortunate prince and his people. 

490. 161. The Mexicans resumed their arms, with 

additional fury. 

491. 162. To try what effect the interposition of 

Montezuma might have, to soothe or 
overawe his subjects. 

492. 163. No. 

493. 163. Yes: two arrows wounded the unhappy 

monarch, and the blow of a stone on his 
temple struck him senseless to the ground. 



37 
A. P. 

494. 164. No: in a transport of rage, he tore the 

bandages from his wounds, and refused 
so obstinately to take any nourishment, 
that he soon ended his wretched days. 

495. 164. A retreat. 

496. 167. At Tacuba. - 

497. 167. His shattered battahon, reduced to less 

than half its numbers, the survivors de- 
jected, and most of them covered with 
wounds. 

498. 167. Velasquez de Leon. 

499. 167. They were all lost. 

500. 167. The greater part of them were kilkd. ' 
SOL 167. Above two- thousand. 

502. 167. No: only a very small portion of it. 

503. 169. Otumba. 

504. 169. In the plain of Otumba. 

505. 169. The Mexicans. 

506. 170. The Mexicans were seized with a univer- 

sal panic, and they all fled, with pre- 
cipitation, to the mountains. 

507. 170. The Tiascalan. 

508. 170. With the warmest friendship. 

509. 172. To Hispaniola and Jamaica. 

510. 172. To prepare, in the mountains of Tlascala, 

materials for building twelve brigantines, 
so as they might be carried thither in 
pieces, ready to be put together, and 
launched when he stood in the need of 
their service* 
51 L 173. Five-hundred-and-fifty infantry, and forty 
horsemen, with a train of nine field-pieces. 
D 



m 

A. P- 

512. 173. Towards Mexico/ 

513. 173. Six months. 

514. 173. Yes. 

515. 173. His brother, Quetlavacav 

516. 174. Yes. 

517. 174. The small pox. 

518. 174. No. 

519. 174. Guatimozin, a nephew and son-ins^law of 

Montezuma. 

520. 174. A high reputation, for abilities and valour. 

521. 174. Various preparations to obstruct his pro- 

gress. 

522. 174. Tezeuco.- 

523. 174. It was situated on the banks of the lake, 

about twenty miles from Mexico. 

524. 174. Because it was the most proper station for 

launching his brigantines, as well as for 
making his approaches to the capital. 

525. 175. Three months. 

526. 175.- No: he attacked successively several of the 

towns situated around the lake; and 
either compelled them to submit to the 
Spanish crown, or reduced them to ruins. 

527. 175. Sandoval. 

528. 176. Thirteen. 

529. 176. Sixty miles, through a mountainous coun- 

try. 

530. 176. Eight-thousand, to carry the materials on* 

their shoulders. 

531. 176. Fifteen-thousand. 

532. 176. Above six miles. 
533v 176. Yes. 



■39 
A. -p. 

-534; 176. Four ships arrived at Fera Cruz, from Hk» 
paniola, with two-hundred soldiers, eightj 
horses, two battering cannon, and a con* 
siderable supply of ammunition and arms. 

.535. 176. He employed a vast number of Indians, 
for two months, in deepening the small 
rivulet which runs by Tezeuco into the 
lake, and. in forming it into a canaj, 
nearly two miles in length. 

536. 177. Yes. 

.537. 177. On the twenty-eighth of April, 1521. 

538. 177. Three. 

539. 17X Sandoval, Pedro de Alvarado, and Chris- 

toval de Olid. 

540. 177. Ten-thousand. 

541. 177. Eighty-six horsemen, and eight-hundred- 

and-eighteen foot-soldiers. 

542. 177. The conduct of the brigantines. 

.543. 177. I^ach was armed with a small cannon, and 
manned with twenty-five Spaniards, and 
twelve rowers, six on each side. 

544. 177. They broke down the aqueducts, erected 
for conveying water into the capital. 

.545. 177. To destroy the fleet of brigantines, 

546. 178. No: the brigantines broke through the 

fleet of canoes with the utmost ease. 

547. 183. The twenty-seventh of July. 
.548. 183. Three-fourths. 

.549. 185. The resistance of the Mexicans ceased, 
and Cortes took possession of that small 
part of the capital which yet remained 
undestroyed. 



40 

A. p. 

550. 185. Seventy-five days. 

551. 186. He had ordered what remained of the 

riches amassed by his ancestors to be 
thrown into the lake. 

552. 186. He subjected the unhappy monarch, to- 

gether with his chief favourite, to tor- 
ture, in order to force from them a dis- 
covery of the xoyal treasures, which it 
was supposed they had concealed. 

553. 186. With the invincible fortitude of an Indian 

warrior. 

554. 186. The provinces submitted, one after another, 

to the conquerors. 





— w>©®©4«.— 




CHAPTER X. 


555. 


187. Ferdinand Magellan. 


556. 


187. Portugal. 


557. 


188. On the ideas of Columbus, confirmed by 




many observations. 


558. 


188. No: he dismissed him with a disdainful 




coldness. 


559. 


188. Spain. 


560. 


188. Cardinal Ximenes 


561. 


188. Charles V, 


562. 


188. Yes. 


563. 


188. On the tenth of August, 1519. 


564. 


188. Seville. 


565. 


188. Five. 


566. 


189. The fifty-third. 



41 
A. P. 

;567. 189. Twenty. 

568. 189. His own. 

669. 189. The great Southern Ocean. 

570. 189. Three months and twenty days. 

571. 189. Yes, 

572. 190. The Pacific. 

.573. 190. Because he had enjoyed an uninterruptei 

course of fair weather, and favourable 

winds. 
574. 190. De los Ladrones. 
.575. 190. Because of the thievish disposition of the 

inhabitants. 
376. J 90. The islands now known by the name of 

the Philippines- 

577. 190. Having become involved in a quarrel with 

the natives, Magellan, and several of his 
principal officers, were slain. 

578. 190. Other commanders. 
^79. 190. Tidore. 

.580^ 190. Portuguese. 

^81. 190, They could not comprehend how the 
Spaniards, by holding a westerly course, 
;had arrived at that sequestered seat of 
their most valuable commerce, 

582. 190. Spices. 

583, 190. The Victory, 

.584. 190. The command of Juan Sebastian del Cani. 

585. 190. The Gape of Good Hope. 

,586. 190. St. Lucar.. 

,587. 11)0. On ^he seventh of September, 1522. 

..588. 190. Three years and .twenty-eight days. 

589, 191, His name is still rankled amongst the higl^ 

est in the roll of successful navigators. 

.590, 1 91. Jt,Bow eclipscdlhat of every other coun^r^* 



43. 

A. P. 

591. 191. In the course of a few years, of discovering 

a new continent, almost as large as that 
part of the earth which was formerly 
known, and of ascertaining, by expe- 
rience, the form and extent of the whole 
terraqueous globe. 

#^ 

CHAPTER XI. 

592. 192. He was appointed captain general, and 

governor of New Spain. 
593;. 192. To establish the seat of government in its 
ancient station, and to raise Mexico 
again from its ruins, 

594. 192. To search for mines. 

595, 194. A. D. 1532. 

596* 194. By order of Cortes, he was hanged. 

597* 194. On a slight suspicion, that he had formed 
a scheme to shake off the yoke, and ex- 
cite his former subjects to take arms^ 

598. 194. About twenty-five years. 

599. 195. The year 1528. 

600. 195. The order of St. Jago,,and the title of Mar- 

quis del Valle de Cuaxaca. 

601. 195. The grant of an ample territory in New 

Spain. 

602. 196. In 1530, 

603. 196. Diminished. 

604. 196. The military department, with power to 

attempt new discoveries. 

605. 196. A board, called the Audience of New Spain, 

606. 196, As viceroy, to take the government into his 

hands. 



43 

A. p. 

607. 196. California. 

008. 197. A. D. 1540. 

609. 197. In 1547. 

610. 197. The sixty-second 



CHAPTER XIL 

611. 198. Francisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, and 

Hernando Luque. 

612. 199. Pedrarias, the governor of Panama, 
6ia 199. Pizarro. 

614. 199. On the fourteenth of November, 1524. 

615. 199. One-hundred-and-twelve. 
aia, 202. Tumbez. 

617. 202. Its stately temple, and a palace of the 
Incas or sovereigns of the country. 

6161, 202. It was fully peopled, and cultivated, with 
an appearance of regular industry. 

619. 202. They were decently clothed, and possessed 

ingenuity so far surpassing the other in- 
habitants of the new world, as to have 
the use of tame domestic animals. 

620. 203* So great a show of gold and silver, as lefl 

no room to doubt that they abounded 
with profusion in the country. 

621. 204. That Pizarro should claim the station of 

governor, Aimagro that of lieutenani 
governor, and Luque the dignity of 
bishop, in the country which they pur- 
posed to conquer. 

622. 204. Such an impression, that they not onlj 

approved of the expedition, but seemed 
interested in the success of its leader. 



44 

A. P. 

623. 204. No. 

624. 204. Only the command of the fortress which 

should be erected at Tumhez. 
*625. 204. He was appointed governor, capta:in gener- 
al, and adelantado, of all the country 
which he had discovered, and hoped to 
conquer. 

626. 204. He engaged to raise two-^hundred-and-fifty 

men, and to provide the required ships, 
:£irms, and warlike stores. 

627. 205. At Nomhre de Dios. 

628. 205,. His three brothers, Ferdinand, Juan, arid 

Oonzalo ; and by Francisco de Alcantara, 
his mother's brother. 

:629. 205. Three small vessels, with a hundred-and- 
eight soldiers. 

630. 206. To follow Pizarro, with wimt reinforce- 
ment of men he should be able to muster. 

^31. 205. In February, 1531, 

632. 206. Thirteen days. 

633. 206. In the bay of St. Matthew. 

634. 207. Near the mouth of the river Piura. 

635. 207. St. Michael. 

636. 207. Fifteen-hundred miles. 

037. 207. Its breadth was much less considerable. 

1538. 207. The vast ridge of the Andes. 

630. 208. Manco Capac^ and Mama Ocollo. 

610. 207. The Sun. 

641. 208. CuzcQ. 

642. 208. Agriculture, and other useful arts. 

643. 208. To spin and weave. 

644. 208^ Towards introducing such laws and policy 

as might perpetuate the happiness of 
ihe people. 



43 

A. P. 

645. 208. They were not only obeyed as monarch^, 

but revered as divinities. 

646. 208. It was held to be sacred. 

647. 208. By prohibiting intermarriages with the 

people. 

648. 209. Huana Capac. 

649. 209. He is represented as a prince, distinguished 

not only for the pacific virtues peculiar 
to the race, but eminent for his martial 
talents. 

650. 209. Quito. 

661. 209. The daughter of the vanquished monarch 
of Quito. 

652. 209. Atahualpa. 

653. 209. About the year 1529. 

f>54- 209- Atahualpa- 

655. 209. Huascar, his eldest son, by a mother of 

the royal race. 

656. 209. To renounce the government of Quito, and 

to acknowledge him as his lawful superior^ 

657. 209, No : he first eluded his brother's demand, 

and then marched against him in hostile 
array. 

658. 209. Atahualpa. 

659. 210. He was taken prisoner. 

660. 210. No : it raged in its greatest fury. 

661. 212. "^ Pretending to he the ambassador of a 

213. r powerful monarch, he obtained an ia- 

214. J terview with Atahualpa, and, seizing 

him by the arm, carried him as a prison- 
er, to his quarters. 

662. 214. Above four-thousand. 

363. 214. It was rich, beyond any idea yet formed 



46 

A. P. 

by the Spaniards concetning tbe wealth 

of Peru. 
664. 21 5u He undertook to fill the apartment in 

which he was confined, with vessels of 

gold, as high as he could reach. 
665* 215. Twenty-two feet in length, and sixteen in 

breadth. 

666. 215. Yes. 

667. 216. One-miliion-five-hundredTandntwenty-eigh't" 

thoiisand-five-hundred pesos. 

668. 95. About five shillings sterling. 

669. 21!7. No, 

670. 217. No: nothing was further from his thoughts. 

671. 217. To bereave him of life. 

672. 219. He was strangled. 
313, 223. Callao. 

674. 223. A. D. 1535. 

675. 223. Ciudad de ios Reyes. 

676. 223. Lima. 

677. 230. ( He was impeached of treason by the 
231. { Pizarros, formally tried, condemned to 

die, strangled in prison, and afterwards 
publicly beheaded, 

678. 231. The seventy-fifth. 

.679. 232. To parcel out its territories amongst the 
conquerors. 

r680. 232. The followers of Almagro. 

681. 282. They penetrated into several new provin^ 
ces, and made discoveries and conquests, 
which not only extended their knowledge 
of the country, but added considerably to 
the territories of Spain in the new world. 

'682., 233. Pedro de Vaidivia. 



47 

A., P, 

683. 233. St. Jago. 

684. 233. The enterprise of Gonzalo PIzarro. 

685. 233. The discovery and conquest of the country 

to the east of the Andes, 

686. 234. Francis Orellana. 

687. 234. The Maragnon. 

688. 234. Nearly two-thousand leagues; 

689. 237. A. D. 154L 

690. 237. He was slain by a party headed by Herradas 

the friend andguardian of young Almagro.- 

691. 238^ Having been defeated and taken prisoner 

by the new governor, Vaco de Castro^ 
he was beheaded. 

692. 239. He also was beheaded. 

693. 239. He was a state prisoner in Spain. 

694. 239. In preparing regulations, by which they 

hoped not only to re-establish tranquillity 
thercj but to introduce a more efficient 
system of internal policy inta all their 
settlements in the new world. 

695. 239.- Almost the whole of that extensive empircj- 

which, at the beginning of the nineteenth 
century, she possessed in the new world. 

CHAPTER XIII. 

696. 239. They may be considered as polished states^ 

697. 240. No : they were wholly unacquainted "with 

thenr. 

698. 240. Very inconsiderable. 

699. 240. The Lama. 

700. 240. It bears some resemblance to a deer, and 

some to a camel. 



4S 

A. p. 

701. 240. It is in size a little larger than a sheepv 
7024 241. By figures, painted on skins, on cotton-^ 

cloth, on a kind of pasteboard, or on the 

bark of trees. 

703. 242. Yes ; in its full extent. 

704. 240. About sixty-thousand, 

705. 245. Peru. 

706. 245. Four-hundred years. 

707. 245. Twelve. 

708. 245. Quipos, or knots on cords, of diiferent co- 

lours. 

709. 247. Into three shareSi, 

710. 247. The Sun. 

711. 247. To the erection of temples, and furnishing 

what was requisite for celebrating the 
public rites of religion. 

712. 247. The Incas. 

713. 247. The maintenance of the people. 

714. 248. It was more extensive, and more skilfully 

conducted, than in any other part of 
America. 

715. 248. No. 

716.- 248. A kind of mattock, made of hard wood 

CHAPTER XIV. 

717. 251. Two. •' -^ 

718. 251. Three. 

719. 252. In 1578. 

720. 252. A branch of the Portuguese family of 

Braganza, established in Spain. 

THE END 



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